Equipment for foamed concrete units

Foam concrete is an artificial porous building materials with evenly distributed closed air cells (pores), obtained as a result of solidification of the mixture consisting of a binder, silica component, technical foam, chemical additives and water. The RF State Construction Committee has concluded that foam concrete has a number of characteristics that significantly distinguish them from many traditional building materials. The products that are made of them are best adapted to difficult Russian climatic and economic conditions and have a number of important advantages: low average density, low thermal conductivity, lower water absorption and resistance to fire.

Physical and mechanical properties of products made of foam concrete based on the sand

Characteristics	Norm for product brand
Characteristics	D300	D350	D400	D500	D600	D700	D800	D900	D1000	D1100	D1200
1. Density kg / cubic meter, max	300	350	400	500	600	700	800	900	1000	1100	1200
2.Class of products by the parameters of compressive strength, MPa, min	--- ---	--- ---	B0 5	B0, 75	B1	B1, 5	B2	B2, 5	B5	B7, 5	B12, 5
3. Thermal conductivity in dry condition at a temperature of 25 ± 5 ° C (298 ± 5K), W / (m · ° C), max	0.08	0,9	0.10	0.12	0.14	0.18	0.21	0.24	0.29	0.34	0.38
4. Handling moisture by weight,%, max	25	25	25	25	25	25	25	25	25	25	25
5. Vapor permeability, mg / m · h · Pa, min	0.26	0.24	0.23	0.20	0.17	0.15	0.14	0.12	0.11	0.1	0.1
6. Sorption humidity,% max: (at relative humidity of 75%)	8	8	8	8	8	8	10	10	10	10	10

Physical and mechanical properties of products made of foam concrete on the basis of fly ash

Characteristics	Norm for product brand
Characteristics	D300	D350	D400	D500	D600	D700	D800	D900	D1000	D1100	D1200
1. Density kg / cubic meter, max	300	350	400	500	600	700	800	900	1000	1100	1200
2.Class of products by the parameters of compressive strength, MPa, min	--- ---	--- ---	B0 5	B0, 75	B1	B1, 5	B2	B2, 5	B5	B7, 5	B12, 5
3. Thermal conductivity in dry state at a temperature of 25 ± 5 ° C (298 ± 5K), W / (m · ° C), max	0.08	0,085	0.9	0.10	0.13	0.15	0.18	0.20	0.23	0.26	0.29
4. Handling moisture by weight,%, max	35	35	35	35	35	35	35	35	35	35	35
5. Vapor permeability, mg / m · h · Pa, min	0.23	0.21	0.20	0.18	0.16	0.14	0.12	0.11	0.10	0.09	0.08
6. Sorption humidity,% max: (at relative humidity of 75%)	12	12	12	12	12	12	15	15	15	15	15

Foam concrete combines the advantages of stone and wood and does not require combination with other building materials. In terms of durability foam concrete, in contrast to the traditionally used mineral wool and foamed plastic, which lose their properties, over time only improves its strength indices.

Foam concrete products have high hygienic properties, because they do not contain chemical and synthetic substances harmful to human health.

Materials for making foam concrete

The initial components for preparation of foamed concrete mixtures shall meet the requirements of standards and technical specifications for these materials and ensure manufacture of products with desired properties.

Portland cement PC-500 A0, PC-400 D20 State standard 30515 and State standard 10178 is used as the binder for the manufacture of foam concrete products. Washed river sand, or flue-ash State standard 25818-91 are used as the silica component for foam concrete production.

The sand should not contain grains larger than 2 mm. Contents of dust and clay particles should be no more than 2-3%. The sand must contain at least 90% of SiO2 (total) or at least 75% of quartz.

Technical foam is obtained with the help of a foam generator from an aqueous soluntio of foaming agents containing surface-active substances.

Protein and synthetic foaming additives are used as foaming agents. Mixing water shall meet the requirements of State standard 23732.